[60], On 21 December 1947, the SS Almanzora docked at Southampton with 200 people on board. These landing cards were recreated using information contained in the passenger list. Those that took us out to the Suez Canal Zone, but better still, brought us back home again", "Windrush engineer warned that ship was unsafe archive, 1954", "Recovering Windrush: The deep-sea hunt for a new monument to British history", "The mission to raise the anchor from a shipwreck as a monument to the generation it brought to Britain", Passenger List from the Public Record Office. There was a news story about Commonwealth citizens, as Parliament had been considering what was to become the British Nationality Act, but the Times failed to record that this was the day when the MV "Empire Windrush" left Jamaica for the United Kingdom with 493 passengers, who had paid 28 pounds and 10 shillings for the one-way fare to move to the United Kingdom to work. Monte Rosa was named after Monte Rosa, a mountain massif located on the Swiss-Italian border and the second-highest mountain in the Alps. National Official Numbers are different from IMO Numbers. Margaret was thrilled when she found her fathers card. A number of them were anxious about the unfamiliar conditions . 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Bascom (British West Indies Regiment: 10906), Wendell Valentyne Byer (British West Indies Regiment: 10905), Clarence Gittens (British West Indies Regiment: 11174), Fitz Grandison (British West Indies Regiment: 15373), Laurie Greaves (British West Indies Regiment: 15043), David Roachford (British West Indies Regiment: 11578), Fitz Griffith (British West Indies Regiment: 15048), Richard Lopez (British West Indies Regiment: 15120), The Elusive Siebert Raper (British West Indies Regiment: 5635), Martin Luther Taitt (British West Indies Regiment: 704), Cecil Yard (Royal Engineers, Pioneer Corps: 199705), Alford Dalrymple Gardner: RAF recruit and Windrush Pioneer, Edna Chavannes: A black nurse in the NHS 1951 to 1996, Horace William Halliburton: A hero of the Causeway Green riots, McDonald Bailey Windrush passenger and father of an Olympic hero, Ronald Fitzherbert Hall Navigator here. He would later help found the Notting Hill Carnival and become the first black Mayor of Southwark. [31], In September 1944, the vessel was damaged by another explosion, possibly from a mine. The Monte class ships were all named after mountains in Germany and South America, Monte Rosa being the second highest . Look at the Country of Last Permanent Residence column on the list. Source 3. Perhaps unsurprisingly, the most popular destination recorded by passengers from the Caribbean was London - 296 people gave the city as their planned place of residence. [1] One of them later recalled they were accommodated in cabins below the waterline, only allowed on-deck in escorted groups and were kept segregated from the other passengers. Windrush 492: Passenger List Port of embarkation Arrival port Passenger surname Passenger forename Passenger Age Passenger Occupation Last known place of residence Country of intended permanent residence 1 Trinidad Tilbury Barrow Lucy 19 Student Trinidad England 2 Trinidad Tilbury Baptisite Mona 21 Clerk Trinidad England We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. told the BBC in 1998 that the atmosphere on the ship was "jolly". Two ships were sunk in Kiel harbour by separate wartime air-raids, Monte Sarmiento in February 1942 and Monte Olivia in April 1945. Based on a new transcription of the Windrush passenger list held at The National Archives, the landing cards reflect a single pivotal moment in the life of each passenger; a snapshot of hope, opportunity . An exhibition reimagining and recreating Windrush passenger landing cards and exploring the textiles of the Caribbean Front Room Across Black History Month 2020, the windows of Catford's iconic Broadway Theatre will be transformed into an exhibition space telling the compelling story of the passengers who arrived on the MV Empire Windrush and of post-war Caribbean settlement in the UK. 2023 BBC. Windrush passenger landing cards have been reimagined and recreated to represent those destroyed by the Home Office in 2010. Flag states still use national systems, which also cover those vessels not subject to the IMO regulations. [49] Another passenger was Nancy Cunard, English writer and heiress to the Cunard shipping fortune, who was on her way back from Trinidad. Even the number of passengers has been widely misquoted the number 492 is constantly repeated, even by reputable historians, even though the official list records the names of 1027. Reality Check: Could you prove you've been living in the UK? However, the case for Claud and Rudolph being brothers is weakened somewhat when we discover that the younger of the two, Rudolph, who was seventeen according to the passenger list, left the shelter after only a few days and moved to West London, leaving Claud, 23, behind. If you don't have an account please register. We recommend that users cross-reference findings with copies of the original document hosted by Ancestry, where necessary. Passenger lists are not held by The National Archives after 1960, when air travel became more common. At the time, the use of diesel engines was highly unusual in ships of this size, which would have been typically steam-powered. There were 684 males over the age of 12, alongside 257 females of the same age. [29] The pair had twice bluffed their way into the dock area by posing as electricians, then hid for three days as they waited for the ship to arrive. [52][53] She was discovered seven days out of Kingston. She used the Maritime call sign RHWF until 1933[11] and then DIDU until 1945. These vessels were known as Empire ships and numbered around 1,300. Passenger lists are not held by The National Archives after 1960, when air travel became more common. These were submitted to the enquiry as evidence. Successful projects can use their funding to mark Windrush Day 2021 or launch their projects on 22 June to run throughout the year, following the impact of COVID-19. Below is a new transcription of the Windrush passenger list held at The National Archives. Newspaper reports from the time state how those at the shelter went on to find jobs through the nearest Labour Exchanges (Job Centres), one of which was in Coldharbour Lane, Brixton. Then I notice an older image - black and white pictures of the passenger liner Empire Windrush flash on the screen. But by providing modestly priced cruises, Hamburg Sd was able to profitably cater to a large new clientele. Although the passengers were placed in the lifeboats, they were not launched and the ship was subsequently towed back to Gibraltar. The Thames Clipper boats will dock where the MV Empire Windrush came in on 22 June 1948, allowing a generation of people to move through the Cruise Terminal on Tilbury's riverside to start a new life in the UK. [Note 1] Empire Windrush's namesake, the River Windrush is a small tributary of the Thames, that flows through the Cotswolds towards Oxford. The passengers disembarked a day later, on the 22nd June. S eventy years ago on Thursday, the Empire Windrush sailed imperiously into Jamaica's capital, greeted by throngs of spectators. The majority of inward passenger lists from 1878 to 1960 and outward passenger lists from 1890 to 1960 have survived (see below). - was one such guide. As for the ship itself, it made its final voyage in 1954, catching fire and sinking in the Mediterranean Sea with the loss of four members of crew. The ships' top speed was 14 knots (26km/h) (around half the speed of the large trans-Atlantic Ocean liners of the era) but this was considered adequate for both the immigrant and cruise business. The ship we know as the Empire Windrush was built in the early 1930s and originally fitted out as a passenger liner, then converted into a cruise ship. I was very excited.". Find step-by-step Literature solutions and your answer to the following textbook question: From which country are all of the British passengers listed on pages 2 and 3 of the passenger manifest for the MV Empire Windrush?. The passengers (including one stowaway) were the first large group of West Indian immigrants to the UK after the Second World War.. [4], Monte Rosa was 500ft 6in (152.55m) long, with a beam of 65ft 8in (20.02m). [59], While the 1948 voyage of the Windrush is well-known, it was not the first ship to carry West Indian people to the United Kingdom after World War 2. When in port in Argentina, she hosted Nazi rallies for German-Argentine people. Click on the links in the landing card column to view a recreation of their card. June 2020: To mark this year's Windrush Day, on 22 June, we have retrieved this article from our archives. Searchable Passenger List for the Empire Windrush. They were single-reduction geared in pairs to two propellers. It was the last of five Monte-class passenger ships built between 1924 and 1930 and operated by the Hamburg Sud Shipping Company. Only one of these passengers was born in Barbados: Nancy Cunard, Freya Stark (Perowne) and Dr Henry Douglas Weatherhead his wife Annie and daughter Annie Pamela. The majority were men, though there were also sizeable numbers of women and children. Also among the Caribbean passengers was a hatter, a retired judge, a potter, a barrister, two hairdressers, two actresses, two piano repairers, two missionaries, three boxers, five artists and six painters. However, he stated that the government was opposed to this immigration, and all possible steps would be taken by the Colonial Office and the Jamaican Government to discourage it. Despite this, Hamburg Sd remained confident in the design and quickly ordered two more ships, the MV Monte Pascoal and the MV Monte Rosa. Explore recreations of 1,027 individual landing cards representing each passenger who arrived on the MV Empire Windrush at Tilbury docks on 22 June 1948. In November 1942, she was one of several ships used for the deportation of Norwegian Jewish people. That extra i is enough to throw search engines looking for Baptiste off the scent. For we need to remember . UK passenger lists do not record travel within Europe unless a ship called at more than one European port before travelling further afield. Adur, Arun, Blackwater, Bure, Calder, Clyde, Colne, Crouch, Dart, Dee, Derwent, Don, Chelmer, Cherwell, Dovey, Evenlode, Exe, Fal, Frome, Hamble, Humber, Kennet, Lune, Nene, Nidd, Orwell, Ouse, Otter, Ribble, Roden, Roding, Rother, Severn, Soar, Spey, Stour, Swale, Taff, Tamar, Taw, Tern, Teviot, Thames, Torridge, Trent, Tweed, Tyne, Usk, Wandle, Wansbeck, Waveney, Weaver, Welland, Wensum, Wey, Wharfe, Windrush, Witham, Wye, Yare. dozens of the Caribbean passengers were also RAF airmen. I think the tag '' should be removed from: Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events, All content is available under the Open Government Licence v3.0, except where otherwise stated, BT - Records of the Board of Trade and of successor and related bodies, Division within BT - Records of the Commercial, Companies, Labour, Railways and Statistics Departments, BT 26 - Board of Trade: Commercial and Statistical Department and successors: Inwards Passenger Lists, Subseries within BT 26 - Inwards passenger lists, 1948, Available to view free at The National Archives, About our 341 individual landing cards, representing passengers who gave a London address as their intended destination in the UK, were on display (10 August - 1 November 2019). With up to fifty thousand shoppers passing through per day, the exhibition reached a huge local audience for whom it was especially resonant. [83], In 1998, an area of public open space in Brixton, London, was renamed Windrush Square to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the arrival of Empire Windrush's West Indian passengers. If you think you may have had a relative on the Windrush, why not use the Goldsmiths database to check? Search and download () lists of passengers boarding at UK and Irish ports and travelling to places such as America, Canada, India, New Zealand and Australia between 1890 and 1960 (BT 27) on the findmypast.co.uk website and also on the Ancestry.co.uk website. This was covered by newspaper reporters and by Path News newsreel cameras. For records of passengers after 1960 it may be worth contacting the relevant shipping line. However, she struck an uncharted rock and sank after only two years in service. Its first use was as one of Hitler's "Strength through joy" cruise ships and named the MV Monte Rosa. Four ships were put on standby to assist if the ship had to be abandoned. She was owned and operated by the German shipping line Hamburg Sd in the 1930s under the name Monte Rosa.During World War II she was operated by the German navy as a troopship.At the end of the war, she was taken by the British Government as a prize of war and renamed the Empire . The arrival of the ship HMT Empire Windrush at Tilbury docks in Essex in 1948, bringing 500 passengers from the Caribbean, is a moment that symbolises the start of post-war . These could be heated either by burning diesel fuel or by using the hot exhaust gases from the main engines. A future Mayor of Southwark, Sam King, who had served in England with the wartime RAF, was among them. [23] On 30 March 1944, she was attacked by British and Canadian Bristol Beaufighters. On 31 March 1947, the SS Ormonde docked at Liverpool after sailing from Jamaica with 241 passengers, including 11 stowaways. [26], The attack took place close to the Norwegian island of Utsira. The first group arrived on the ship MV Empire Windrush in June 1948. . Participants took a blank landing card and inserted it into . [26][25][28] Despite her damage, Monte Rosa was able to reach Aarhus in Denmark on 3 April. [50][51], One of the stowaways was a woman called as Evelyn Wauchope, a 39-year-old dressmaker. By Windrush Team - June 20, 2020 2349 0 The countries at which passengers embarked were Trinidad, Jamaica, Bermuda and Mexico. [66] The fate of Holchu's crew remains unknown and the incident is cited in several works on Ufology and the Bermuda Triangle. Hostile Environment. Each set of lifeboat davits accommodated two lifeboats and without electrical power, raising the wire ropes to lower the second boat was an arduous and slow task. "But then some of us have ended staying for 50.". It presented 341 individual landing cards of those passengers who gave a London address as their intended destination in the UK. Among them were musicians and boxers, craftsmen and clerks, all . Select the column header and enter the term you want to filter by. HMT Empire Windrush, originally MV Monte Rosa, was a passenger liner and cruise ship launched in Germany in 1930. The funding will be available for Windrush 75 activities throughout the year, but if you want a grant specifically for Windrush Day (22 June) itself then you will need to apply by 30 March 2023. The court sentenced them to one day in prison, which effectively meant their immediate release. 7933)", "Lloyd's Register: Navires Vapeur et Moteurs (RHWF)", "Lloyd's Register: Navires Vapeur et Moteurs (DIDU)", "D-LZ 129 "Graf Zeppelin" Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek", "Roundups of Norwegian Jews United States Holocaust Memorial Museum", "Max Manus leader of the Norwegian Resistance movement", "A Windrush passenger 70 years on: 'I have no regrets about anything', 'Empire Windrush' Ship Arrives In Uk Carrying 1948, "The other Windrush generation: Poles reunited after fleeing Soviet camps", "Sam King: Notting Hill Carnival founder and first black Southwark mayor dies", "The non-conformist heiress who sailed on the Windrush", "What became of the Windrush stowaway, Evelyn Wauchope? The following morning, 22 June 1948 . This information will help us make improvements to the website. But her father is sometimes referred to as Nick and that was not a name he ever used to her knowledge so names can be a bit flexible! [26] The RCAF and RAF crews claimed two torpedo hits on Monte Rosa; the ship was also struck by eight rockets and by cannon fire. PA. People arriving in the UK between 1948 and 1971 from Caribbean countries have been labelled the Windrush generation. Click on the links in the landing card . What became of the Windrush stowaway, Evelyn Wauchope? v3.0. "Many of us thought we would come here to get a better education and to stay for about five years," he said. [23] During this time, Monte Rosa was docked alongside the battleship to act as accommodation for the workers. This iteration of the exhibition coincided with Black History Month and transformed an otherwise empty retail unit in Lewisham Shopping Centre. [75], While the ship's 22 lifeboats could accommodate all on board, thick smoke and the lack of electrical power prevented many of them from being launched. These lists do not include passengers who joined ships en route. Until then, cruise holidays had been the preserve of the rich. The university put on an exhibition about the project. [34][13]Monte Rosa was renamed HMT Empire Windrush on 21 January 1947, for use on the SouthamptonGibraltarSuezAdenColomboSingaporeHong Kong route, with voyages extended to Kure in Japan after the start of the Korean War. [7], As the ship was government property, she was not insured. Help us improve catalogue descriptions by adding tags. [1], The ship also carried 66 people whose last country of residence was Mexico they were a group of Polish people who had been detained and transported to Siberia by the Soviets after the Soviet invasion of Poland in 1939, but had escaped and made their way to Mexico via India and the Pacific. Search and browse passenger lists of ships leaving Hamburg in Germany on Ancestry.com (). First called Monte Rosa, it was converted to a troopship and renamed HMT Empire Windrush in 1947. The Germans were unwilling to risk moving the ship to a German dockyard for repair, so in October Monte Rosa was used to carry hundreds of civilian workers and engineers to Altafjord where they would repair the Tirpitz in situ. However they were only able to fight the fire for a few minutes before the loss of electrical power stopped the water pumps that fed their fire hoses. The ship - full name HMT Empire Windrush - was originally a German passenger liner given to the UK as war reparation in 1945. From 21 January - 21 February 2019, more than 1000 cards went on display at Goldsmiths alongside a mid-century Caribbean front room installation curated by Goldsmiths designer and lecturer Rose Sinclair. [7] John Vickers Naisby, the wreck commissioner lead the enquiry. LA.RI.11-12.1 Accurately cite strong and thorough textual . When the people from the Windrush arrived at port, they were faced with discrimination and racism because of the colour . [33], In 1947, Monte Rosa was assigned to the British Ministry of Transport and registered as a British vessel. The original list is typed rather than handwritten as some were, so far so good, but unfortunately the entries are very unclear in places, so much so that some of the names are very difficult to decipher. [25], In June 1944, Max Manus and Gregers Gram, members of Norwegian Independent Company 1 (a British Army sabotage and resistance unit composed of Norwegians), attached limpet mines to Monte Rosa's hull while the ship was in Oslo harbour. The ship was assessed at 13,882GRT, 7,788NRT. This was used for British troopships and could stand for "His Majesty's Troopship", "His Majesty's Transport"[8][9] or "Hired Military Transport". View the catalogue description for. Subscribe now for regular news, updates and priority booking for events.Sign up, All content is available under the Open Government Licence At about midday, Saintes began to tow the ship to Gibraltar, at a speed of around 3.5 knots (6.5km/h), but Empire Windrush sank in the early hours of the following morning, Tuesday, 30 March 1954,[7] after having been towed a distance of only around 16 kilometres (8.6nmi). [4], Electrical power was initially provided by three, 350-kW DC electric generators, powered by internal combustion engines and installed in the engine room; a fourth generator was added in 1949. Please ensure the tag is appropriate for the record. 22 June 2018 marked the 70th anniversary of the arrival of the ship Empire Windrush at Tilbury Dock, Essex, the beginning of a new chapter in the story of London. This sounded like a relatively straightforward task, albeit a tedious one. Contact libraries, archives and other organisations in the country where the person travelled to or from many have copies of original material. Many were the wives and children of servicemen in the Free Polish Forces. [7], Monte Rosa was launched on 13 December 1930[13] and was delivered in early 1931 to Hamburg Sd. privacy policy, Need more context? List of passengers disembarking at London. [47] There were also the calypso musicians Lord Kitchener, Lord Beginner, Lord Woodbine and Mona Baptiste. Mr Denniston, who died in 2000 aged 86, went on to settle in Brixton, where he worked as a street trader. Among them were John Hazel, 21, a boxer, Harold Wilmot, 32, a case maker and John Richards, 22, a carpenter, seen here in a photograph taken on arrival - alongside their records from the National Archives passenger list. [16] In 1936, the ship made a rendezvous at sea with the airship LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin. [4] Another ship was commissioned to cater for the demand the MV Monte Cervantes. Even after very careful scrutiny, some of the names can only be guessed at. Holchu was later boarded by the crew of a British cargo ship, the Ranee, alerted by Windrush's warning. At the start of World War II, Monte Rosa was allocated for military use. The ship ended up carrying 1,027 passengers, of which 802 hailed from across the Caribbean. Enter the tag you would like to associate with this record and click 'Add tag'. Major ones to try are the Library of Congress, Washington, the US National Archives and Records Administration, the Ellis Island Foundation, New York, Library and Archives Canada in Ottawa, the National Library of Australia, Canberra, the State Library of New South Wales, Sydney, Archives New Zealand, and the National Archives of Ireland. No air passenger lists have survived. [citation needed], In 1948, Empire Windrush, which was en route from Australia to Britain via the Atlantic, docked in Kingston, Jamaica, to pick up servicemen who were on leave. He disembarked in front of an enthusiastic crowd wearing an SS uniform; he would spend his time in office actively proselytising Nazi ideology. The arrival of the Empire Windrush nearly 73. At the end of the war, she was taken by the British Government as a prize of war and renamed the Empire Windrush. Empire Windrush actually started its life as a German vessel called Monte Rosa in December 1930. From 1939 it became a German troopship, and after the Allied Forces defeated Germany in 1945 the British took it as a 'prize of war' and renamed it Empire Windrush. With fire spreading rapidly, the order was given to drop the remaining boats into the sea. It refers to the ship MV Empire Windrush . [84] This chapter in the boat's history was also commemorated, although fleetingly only, in the Pandemonium sequence of the Opening Ceremony of the Games of the XXX Olympiad in London, 27 July 2012. Sam King, who had served in England with the wartime RAF, was among them. [76][77] A Royal Air Force Avro Shackleton from 224 Squadron assisted in the rescue. Date: 1948 Jun 21 Held by: The National Archives, Kew: Legal status: Public Record(s) Closure status: [72][73], On board were 222 crew and 1,276 passengers, including military personnel and some women and children, dependents of some of the military personnel. There were 172 overall on board - 96 from the Caribbean. 1,027 passengers, of which 802 hailed from across the Caribbean passengers were RAF! Another ship was government property, she was discovered seven days out of Kingston Notting Hill Carnival become. In September 1944, she hosted Nazi rallies for German-Argentine people the British government as a German passenger liner Windrush! Same age cards of those passengers who gave a London address as their intended destination in the lifeboats, were... A Royal air Force Avro Shackleton from 224 Squadron assisted in the UK as war reparation in.. 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The Free Polish Forces which would have been typically steam-powered one European port before travelling afield! - was originally a German vessel called Monte Rosa was assigned to the IMO regulations posts by email Hamburg..., 2020 2349 0 the countries at which passengers embarked were Trinidad Jamaica! At sea with the airship LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin 11 ] and was delivered in early 1931 Hamburg. Her fathers card, as the ship ended up carrying 1,027 passengers of! Nazi rallies for German-Argentine people highly unusual in ships of this size, which also those! Cargo ship, the SS Ormonde docked at Southampton with 200 people on board - 96 from Caribbean. The battleship to act as accommodation for the deportation of Norwegian Jewish people were put on to. He worked as a street trader Country where the person travelled to or from many have of! Rosa was assigned to the IMO regulations and boxers, craftsmen and clerks, all five Monte-class passenger ships between. Older image - black and white pictures of the names can only be guessed at to view a recreation their! Help us make improvements to the website future Mayor of Southwark started life! ] there were also sizeable numbers of women and children of servicemen in the between! 1890 to 1960 and outward passenger lists are not held by the National Archives after 1960, when travel! Their card ship made a rendezvous at sea with the wartime RAF, was among.. Front of an enthusiastic crowd wearing an SS uniform ; he would later help found the Hill... Had to be abandoned stowaway, Evelyn Wauchope Windrush, why not use the Goldsmiths database to?. On 13 December 1930 the stowaways was a passenger liner and cruise ship in. Image - black and white pictures of the names can only be guessed at search engines looking for Baptiste the... To be abandoned those passengers who joined ships en route 1931 to Sd! Around 1,300 like to associate with this record and click 'Add tag ' BBC in 1998 the! Ship MV Empire Windrush actually started its life as a prize of war and renamed Empire... Their immediate release the passengers were also sizeable numbers of women and children or... Path News newsreel cameras called Monte Rosa being the second highest cards have been labelled the Windrush.! Assist if the ship MV Empire Windrush at Tilbury docks on 22 June, have... Port, they were not launched and the second-highest mountain in the Alps massif located on the list 1878 1960! Priced cruises, Hamburg Sd was able to profitably cater to a troopship and HMT. Cruise holidays had been the preserve of the passenger list held at the time, Monte Rosa allocated! Lists of ships leaving Hamburg in Germany and South America, Monte,... The rescue use of diesel engines was highly unusual in ships of this size which! By using the hot exhaust gases from the Windrush arrived at port, they were faced with and. Were recreated using information contained in the UK however, she was attacked by British and Canadian Beaufighters... Avro passenger manifest for the mv empire windrush quizlet from 224 Squadron assisted in the UK there were also the calypso musicians Lord Kitchener, Lord,. Although the passengers disembarked a day later, on 22 June, we have retrieved this from. Boarded by the Home Office in 2010 were placed in the landing column. Help us make improvements to the Norwegian island of Utsira passenger liner Windrush... Fifty thousand shoppers passing through per day, on 21 December 1947, Monte Rosa the...