ferdinand ii, holy roman emperorferdinand ii, holy roman emperor

III. [49] Ferdinand's counselors warned him against a counter-invasion before further reinforcements arrived, but Aldobrandini convinced him to lay siege to Nagykanizsa on 18 October 1601. [66], Cooperating with Rudolph II's principal advisor, Melchior Klesl, Bishop of Vienna, Ferdinand persuaded the Emperor to seek a reconciliation with Matthias. On this day, August 28, 1619, seven powerful men came to a unanimous decision. In addition, with the help of Spain and the league of Catholic princes of Germany, and through the victories of his generalissimo Albrecht von Wallenstein, he gained important successes over his German opponents and the king of Denmark. etc. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [citation needed], In the following events he remained a staunch backer of the Anti-Protestant Counter Reformation efforts as one of the heads of the German Catholic League. Spain also supported Ferdinand against the Republic of Venice during the Uskok War in 161718. In: Herwig Wolfram(Herausgeber): sterreichische Geschichte 1522 - 1699. * Maria Anna (1610-1665), Kurfrstin von Bayern 1635 Kurfrst Maximilian I., Sohn Herzog Wilhelm V. von Bayern und dessen Gattin Prinzessin Renate von Lothringen * Ccilia Renata (1611-1644), Knigin von Polen 1637 Knig Wadysaw IV. [45] In 1600, he sent an envoy to the Uskoks, whom the Uskoks murdered. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styriadied Feb. 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (1619-37), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (1617-19, 1620-27) and king of Hungary (1618-25). Dem Herzog Maximilian gab Ferdinand zum Lohn fr die ihm geleistete Hilfe die Kurfrstenwrde nebst der Oberpfalz, nachdem er Friedrich einseitig und im Widerspruch zu den Bestimmungen der Reichsverfassung seiner Wrde und seiner Lande verlustig erklrt hatte. Ferdinand II was a 17th century Holy Roman Emperor. [73][74] The Bohemian Estates dethroned Rudolph and elected Matthias king on 23 May 1611. [76] Since Matthias and his two surviving brothers, Maximilian III and Albert VII were childless, his succession in Austria, Bohemia, Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire was uncertain. [112] The Bohemians sent envoys to the conference and denied Ferdinand's right to vote as their king, but the electors ignored their demand. [164] He authorized Maximilian to invade the Lower Saxon Circle if it were necessary to stop a Danish attack only in July. Ferdinand's deposition in Bohemia reached Frankfurt on the same day, but he did not leave the town before being crowned on 9 September. . Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. * Golo Mann: Wallenstein. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In 1635 Ferdinand signed his last important act, the Peace of Prague (1635), yet this did not end the war. Omissions? Aided by Maximilian I, duke of Bavaria, his troops annihilated the rebel army on the White Mountain, near Prague, on November 8, 1620. [citation needed], Tilly died in battle in 1632. He was his parents' second child and first son. [48] The Ottomans occupied Nagykanizsa on 20 October 1600, which left the Styrian border almost defenseless against Ottoman raids. Despite the loss of Wallenstein, Imperial forces took Regensburg and won a victory at the Battle of Nrdlingen. of Habsburg, Karl Joseph of Habsburg, Maria Magdalena of Habsburg, Gregoria Maximiliane of Habsburg, Anna of Habsburg, Ferdinand of Habs a of Habsburg, Leopold Wilhelm of Habsburg, Christine of Habsburg, Karl of Habsburg, John Karl of Habsburg, Leopold Wilhelm of Habsburg, July 19 1578 - Graz, Graz, Steiermark, Austria, Feb 15 1637 - Wiener Neustadt, Niedersterreich, Austria, Karl Ii von Habsburg, Maria Anna von Bavaria, Margaret von Osterreich, Leopold V von Osterreich, Maria Anna von Habsburg, Ferdinand III von Habsburg, Leopold Oostenrijk, Maria Magdalena van Oostenrijk-Habsburg, Maria Anna Van. Mrz 1629 das Restitutionsedikt, sondern verlieh auch zahlreiche Bistmer an sterreichische Erzherzge. [130][154], Becanus who died in late 1623 was succeeded by Lamormaini as Ferdinand's confessor. In 1617, Ferdinand was elected King of Bohemia by the Bohemian Diet. Nach Matthias' Tod am 20. A protestl rendekkel nem trdve, vgl sikerlt visszalltania terletein a katolikus tbbsget. Wallenstein was recalled, being able to muster an army in only a week, and immediately staked a tactical, if not strategic, victory at the September Battle of Frth, quickly followed by his forces expelling the Swedes from Bohemia. (Louis's father Henry IV of France had once been a Huguenot leader.) [23] He visited Nagykanizsa, Cetin Castle and the nearby fortresses and ordered their repair. They had no children. Matthias II died on 20 March 1619. [73] Matthias, Ferdinand and Maximilian III assembled at Vienna to discuss the issue with Philip III's envoy, Baltasar de Ziga, in December. Although the country was Catholic, France feared both the Germans and the Spanish, so Cardinal Richelieu convinced King Louis XIII of France to ally himself with the Dutch and the Swedes. From 1590 to 1595 he was educated at the University of Ingolstadt by Jesuits whose aim was to make him a strict, rigidly Catholic ruler. Ferdinand was installed as the actual ruler of the Inner Austrian provinces in 1596 and 1597. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [97] Ferdinand was automatically excommunicated for the imprisonment of a cardinal, but Pope Paul V absolved him before the end of the year. [141] The consortium minted debased silver coins, issuing almost 30 million gulden. On November 8, 1620, Catholic forces engaged those supporting the Protestant Frederick, who had taken the Bohemian kingship, at the Battle of White Mountain. A year after he was recognized by the Bohemian Diet as king, they deposed him and elected Frederick V, an event that effectively marked the beginning of the Thirty Years War. [141] The liberal issue of the new currency caused "the western's worlds first financial crisis",[142] featured by inflation, famine and other symptoms of economic and social disruption. Following to which he introduced Spain into the imperial expansion. [106][107] From September 1618, Pope Paul V paid a monthly subsidy to Ferdinand to contribute to the costs of the war and Philip III of Spain also promised support to him. [90][91] Ferdinand promised to respect the Letter of Majestya royal diploma that guaranteed religious freedom in the Lands of the Bohemian Crownonly after consulting with the local Jesuits. [65] With her death, as historian Robert Bireley noted, Ferdinand "lost the most important person in his life, the one who more than any other had formed his character and his outlook. November 1620 gegen den mit Ferdinand verbndeten Herzog Maximilian von Bayern, dem Fhrer der katholischen Liga, unterlag. He was the son of Charles II, the archduke of Inner Austria, and Maria of Bavaria. The Second Defenestration of Prague of 22 May 1618 is considered the first step of the Thirty Years' War. Barnabitenkolleg, Wien 1756. [159] The Upper Austrian peasants rose up in a rebellion and took control of the territories to the north of the Danube in MayJune 1626. August in Frankfurt zum Kaiser gewhlt. The now-deposed Frederick fled to the Netherlands and Duke Maximilian I of Bavaria, the leader of the Catholic League, moved to confiscate his lands in the Palatinate. [106][113] Frederick had tried to convince the electors to elect Maximilian I of Bavaria as the new Holy Roman Emperor. The emperor removed his Protestant rival and became king of Bohemia once more. [106][111] Since only 300 soldiers were staying in the town, Ferdinand sent envoys to his commander at Krems, Henri Dampierre and entered into negotiations with the Upper Austrian Protestants about their demands. Ferdinand II, (born July 9, 1578, Graz, Styria [now in Austria]died February 15, 1637, Vienna), Holy Roman emperor (161937), archduke of Austria, king of Bohemia (161719, 162027), and king of Hungary (161825). [29] A former Jesuit student, Lorenz Sonnabenter, whom Ferdinand had sent to a parish in Graz, made a formal complaint against the local Lutheran pastors on 22 August, accusing them of unlawfully interfering in his office. Die Herzge von Mecklenburg, welche dem Knig Christian IV. [130], The united imperial and Spanish armies inflicted decisive defeats on the Protestant troops in the Holy Roman Empire in May and June 1622. In 1529, he was moved to Innsbruck, when Vienna was under siege by the Turks.His private education focused heavily on the languages of his future subjects. He was also the last governor of the Spanish Netherlands and Duke of Luxembourg. Dezember 1619 in Graz), Erzherzog von sterreich * Ferdinand (IV.) Juli 1578 in Graz; 15. [22] Rudolph II gave Ferdinand responsibility for the defense of Croatia, Slavonia and the southeastern parts of Hungary proper against the Ottomans. o 1.1 Kindheit und Jugend o 1.2 Aufstieg zum Kaiser o 1.3 Ferdinand II. [22], Ferdinand made an unofficial journey to Italy before getting fully involved in state administration. [159] They sent delegates to Ferdinand in Vienna, but he did not give them an audience. [21] He avoided discussion of religious affairs with the Estates, taking advantage of their fear of an Ottoman invasion and the peasant uprisings in Upper Austria. Former Director, Upper Austrian Provincial Archives, Linz. [108] Wallenstein stormed into Olomouc and seized 96,000 talers from the Moravian treasury on 30 April. [19] He left unchanged the traditional system of government, appointing only Catholics to the highest offices. [10], Charles II died unexpectedly on 10 July 1590,[7] having named his wife, his brother Archduke Ferdinand II, their nephew Emperor Rudolph II, and his brother-in-law Duke William V the guardians of Ferdinand. , (16081657). [42] Matthias discussed the issue with his younger brother, Maximilian, and with Ferdinand at a secret meeting in Schottwien in October 1600. [154], The chief minister of Louis XIII of France, Cardinal Richelieu, started to forge an alliance against the Habsburgs in 1624. [citation needed], Ferdinand died in 1637, leaving to his son Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor, an empire still engulfed in a war and whose fortunes seemed to be increasingly chaotic. Sodan pasiallisena alkusyyn olivat katolisten ja protestanttien vliset ristiriidat. Media related to Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor at Wikimedia Commons. war Sohn des Erzherzogs Karl II. Supported by the Catholic League, which included the rulers of Poland, Spain, and Bavaria, Ferdinand sought to reclaim his Bohemian possessions and stamp out the Protestant rebellion. von Wallenstein but later concluded a compromise peace with the Protestant princes. Von besonderer Bedeutung war Geheimrat Frst Hans Ulrich von Eggenberg, der aufgrund seiner Fhigkeiten als Diplomat und enger Berater fungierte. Throughout the 1620s, as Emperor Ferdinand II's tough new military chief, General Albrecht von Wallenstein, won victories against foes great and small, and expanded the rule of the Holy Roman . Birth of Leopold Wilhelm von sterreich-Habsburg, Er Empereur d'Allemagne (1619-1637), Made Archduke of the Duchy, and crowned Emperor of Austria, 1576, on the death of his grandfather, Balthaer., Holy Roman Emperor. [30] Ferdinand's mother and Jesuit confessor urged him to take vigorous measures. Bohemia offered their crown (King of Bohemia) to the Calvinist Frederick V of the Palatinate on 26 August 1619. Ferdinand's staunch Catholicism led to infringements on the religious freedoms of non-Catholics. [1] [2] One of several suits of armor made for the Emperor Ferdinand during the wars of Reformation and conflict with the Ottomans, the etched but functional armor is thought by scholars . Aus der Ehe gingen sieben Kinder hervor: * Karl (*/ 25. [84] In early 1616, Ferdinand pledged that he would not interfere in state administration in Matthias's realms. Ferdinnd 1596-ban vette t az osztrk rks tartomnyok irnytst, s nagy lendlettel ltott neki az addig tanultak gyakorlati bevezetshez. [162][163] Initially, Ferdinand wanted to avoid the renewal of armed conflicts, but Maximilian of Bavaria urged him to gather an army against the new Protestant alliance. Therefore, although a treaty was signed, peace did not come. Ferdinands Heer erstritt Anfang September 1634 den wichtigen Sieg in der Schlacht bei Nrdlingen; jedoch suchte er nun durch Zugestndnisse an die evangelischen Frsten dem Krieg ein Ende zu machen und schloss zu diesem Zweck 1635 den Prager Frieden mit Sachsen, in dem er auf die Durchfhrung des Restitutionsediktes verzichtete und dem sich die meisten deutschen Protestanten anschlossen. [24][31] When the Protestant nobles and burghers protested against his decree, he replied that the Estates had no jurisdiction in religious affairs. Beieren, Eleonora Gonzaga, Ferdinand Oostenrijk-Habsburg, Maria Anna Van. [115] The news about Februar 1637 in Wien) aus dem Haus Habsburg war ab 1617 mit einer Unterbrechung 1619/20 Knig von Bhmen sowie ab 1618 Knig von Ungarn, Knig von Kroatien und ab 1619 Kaiser des Heiligen Rmischen Reiches. (* 9. FERDINAND , name of three Holy Roman emperors. [126] Five days later, the vast majority of the noblemen swore fealty to him. [98] He urged Matthias to send an envoy to Prague, but Matthias' envoy could not reach a compromise. [124][128] Maximilian I retained Upper Austria as a security for Ferdinand's debts and the local Estates swore fealty to him on 20 August. The Armor of Emperor Ferdinand I is a suit of plate armor created by the Nuremberg armorer Kunz Lochner in 1549 for the future Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor. [51][52] At their meeting in Linz in April 1606, the four archdukes concluded that the Emperor was incompetent and decided to replace him with Matthias in Bohemia, Hungary and Upper and Lower Austria. An indecisive man, he depended much on the influence of his counselors and his Jesuit confessors. Ferdinand Erzherzog von sterreich-Tirol II Landesfrstvon Tirol. Ferdinand II, a member of the House of Habsburg, was Holy Roman Emperor, King of Bohemia, and King of Hungary and Croatia. In November 1632, however, the Catholics were defeated in the Battle of Ltzen (1632), while Gustavus Adolphus was himself killed. [95] Ferdinand hired new troops against the Venetians and volunteers also joined his army. [17] Ferdinand chose the Jesuit Bartholomew Viller as his confessor. [147] He had secretly promised the transfer of Frederick V's title of elector to Maximilian I and his heirs, but most of his allies did not support the plan. On 8 November 1620 his troops, led by the Flemish general Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, smashed the rebels of Frederick V, who had been elected as rival King in 1619. Maximilian of Habsburg II, Emperor The Holy Roman Empire. Archduchess Maria Habsburg of Austria. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [5][6], Ferdinand's education was managed primarily by his mother. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor. [141] Dietrichstein and the Jesuits urged Ferdinand to intervene, and he dissolved the consortium in early 1623. [11] Maria and William V tried to secure the regency for her, but Rudolph II, who was the head of the Habsburg family, appointed his own brothersfirst Ernest in 1592, and then in 1593, Maximilian IIIto the post. The French were highly dissatisfied with the terms of the Peace of Prague concluded in 1635, the last important act of Ferdinand. [54] At the opening session of the Diet on 12 January 1608, Ferdinand demanded funds from the Imperial Estates on the Emperor's behalf to finance 24,000 troops. With his forces scoring important victories against the Protestants, Ferdinand crowned his religious policies by issuing his Edict of Restitution (1629), which was designed to restore all ecclesiastical properties which had been secularized since the Peace of Passau in 1552. [28] He had already made unsuccessful attempts to appoint Catholic priests to churches in predominantly Lutheran towns prior to his Italian journey. Die rcksichtslose Durchfhrung des geistlichen Vorbehalts und die Wiederherstellung der katholischen Klster und Stifte durch Tilly rief den niederschsisch-dnischen Krieg hervor, fr den Ferdinand ein eigenes kaiserliches Heer unter Wallenstein aufstellte. "[65] He requested the scholar Caspar Schoppe, whom he had met at the Imperial Diet, to elaborate a detailed plan for an alliance of the Catholic monarchs. [90] Two days later, the Protestant Estates elected directors to form a provisional government and started to raise an army. [citation needed], A period of minor operations followed. Husband of Maria Anna of Bavaria Archduchess of Inner Austria and Princess Eleonor Gonzaga of Mantua [151], Deprived of the Palatinate, Frederick V had made a new alliance with the Dutch Republic. [86][87] Philip also granted 1 million tallers to Ferdinand to finance the war against the Venetians. Aufl., Frankfurt a. M. 1971. * Matthias Schnettger: FERDINAND II.. Wallensteins Nachfolger als Kommandant des Heeres wurde der ungarische Knig und sptere Kaiser Ferdinand III. Later Ferdinand secured approval from the Habsburg rulers of Spain to succeed the childless Matthias. Their opposition forced Ferdinand in 1630 to dismiss Wallenstein, the mainstay of his power. 1528-1590. Despite the successes of Wallenstein, many of Ferdinand's advisors saw a genuine political threat in the general, citing his growing influence, his increasing number of estates and titles, as well as his extortionate methods of raising funds for his army. 15. r/ancientrome. [127] Before long, Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly, who was the commander of the army of the Catholic League, occupied Upper Austria, Bucquoy defeated the last rebels in Lower Austria and John George of Saxony invaded Lusatia. Wahlspruch: Legitime certantibus = Mit den ehrlich Kmpfenden, Ferdinand II. Born in the castle in Graz on 9 July 1578, Ferdinand was the son of Charles II, Archduke of Austria, and Maria of Bavaria. Archduchess Maria Amalia (1746-1804) Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II (1747-1792) Archduchess Maria Caroline (stillborn 1748). [116], Ferdinand concluded a treaty with Maxilimian I in Munich on 8 October 1619. Perhaps because of Wallenstein's ambiguous conduct, he was assassinated in 1634. [47] The Pope appointed his nephew, Gian Francesco Aldobrandini, as the commander of the papal troops. [115] Gabriel Bethlen, Prince of Transylvania, made an alliance with the Bohemians and invaded Upper Hungary (mainly present-day Slovakia) in September. Made King of Hungary in 1625, King of Bohemia in 1627, and King of the Romans in 1636. Ferdinand konnte noch die Wahl seines Sohnes Ferdinand III. By creating an independent Austrian court chancellery and by establishing in his will the principles of Austrias indivisibility and of primogeniture in his family, he made an essential contribution to the countrys national integration. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of Emperor Ferdinand II of Habsburg and his first wife, Maria Anna of Bavaria. Biography. He was the leading champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years' War. Ferdinand regarded the regulation of religious issues as a royal prerogative and introduced strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598. Archduke Leopold Wilhelm of Austria (1614-1662). - . [107] Maximilian of Bavaria encouraged Ferdinand to adopt an aggressive policy against the Bohemian rebels, but Ferdinand again confirmed the Letter of Majesty and urged the Bohemians to send delegates to Vienna. The Ottomans captured Nagykanizsa in Hungary in 1600, which enabled them to invade Styria. [73] They decided to support Matthias's election as King of the Romans (which could have secured his right to succeed Rudolph II), but the three ecclesiastical electors opposed the plan because of Matthias's concessions to the Protestants in Hungary, Austria and Bohemia. Father of Christine von Habsburg, Erzherzogin; Karl von Habsburg, Erzherzog; Ferdinand III von Habsburg, Kaiser; H.I. Swedish strength was greatly weakened, but France entered the war on the side of the Protestants out of fear of Habsburg domination. Mai 1603), Erzherzog von sterreich * Johann Karl (* 1. Below is the article summary. * Jrg-Peter Findeisen: Der Dreiigjhrige Krieg. Ferdinand succeeded Matthias as Holy Roman Emperor in 1619. 2. [109] He gave the booty to Ferdinand, but the king returned it to the Moravian Estates. war von kleiner, gedrungener Gestalt, heiter und freundlich gegen seine Umgebung; seine Gutmtigkeit artete oft in Schwche aus, namentlich gegenber gewissenlosen Beamten. In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). He did not wish to uphold the religious liberties granted by the Letter of Majesty signed by the previous emperor, Rudolph II, which had guaranteed freedom of religion to the nobles and cities. He unwillingly presided over the triumph of Protestantism in Germany. [122] Abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to lift the siege. Jedoch wurde Wallensteins Position am Hof durch Gegner, zu denen insbesondere der spanische Botschafter, der Hofkriegsratsprsident Heinrich Graf Schlick und bhmische Adelige gehrten, in den folgenden Jahren untergraben. Roman Catholic historiography of the 19th century assigned him too high a place, while liberal historians were likely to underestimate his importance. Free shipping for many products! [11][12] The Estates of Inner Austria urged the Emperor to procure Ferdinand's return from Bavaria; Maria resisted this, and Ferdinand continued his studies at the Jesuit university. Ferdinand was born in Graz, the eldest son of the archduke Charles, the ruler of Inner Austria (Styria, Carinthia, and Carniola), and Maria, a daughter of Albrecht V, duke of Bavaria. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (July 9, 1578 February 15, 1637), of the House of Habsburg, reigned as Holy Roman Emperor from 1619-1637. Although he kept a frugal court, he was a bad financier who too generously gave away the greatest part of confiscated estates to his faithful followers. [139], Ferdinand could not pay off his mercenaries' salaries. [71] He stayed neutral in the family feud, which enabled him to mediate between the two brothers. Im Reich markierte der Regensburger Frstentag einen Hhepunkt kaiserlicher Macht. At Ferdinand's death in 1637, his son Ferdinand III inherited an embattled empire. Supported by the Catholic League and the Kings of Spain and the PolishLithuanian Commonwealth, Ferdinand decided to reclaim his possession in Bohemia and to quash the rebels. [24] Ferdinand did not force the Lutheran noblemen to convert to Catholicism, but forbade them to employ Protestant priests. For the full article, see, https://www.britannica.com/summary/Ferdinand-II-Holy-Roman-emperor. [75], Matthias was elected Holy Roman Emperor only months after Rudolph II died on 20 June 1612. [80][83], Matthias adopted Ferdinand as his son in 1615, but without proposing Ferdinand's election as king of the Romans, because he feared that Ferdinand would force him to abdicate. Free shipping for many products! [83] Ferdinand needed further funds, but the Estates did not vote new taxes. 1651 Prinzessin Eleonore Gonzaga von Mantua, Tochter Herzog Carlo II. A 17. szzad legnagyobb hadi konfliktusai Prgban kezddtek meg 1618-ban. Archduchess Maria Johanna Gabriela (1750-1762). He shared the same name, birthday and customs with his maternal grandfather Ferdinand II of Aragon. Embarrassed as well as offended, Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor (r. 1619-1637) retaliated with a military expedition, which started a long and protracted conflict, called the Thirty Years' War. In the prime of his life Ferdinand was described as a blue-eyed, somewhat corpulent, middle-sized man who wore Spanish court dress. [4] They were devout Catholics, but Charles II had to grant concessions to his Lutheran subjects in 1572 and 1578 to secure the predominantly Protestant nobles and burghers' financial support for the establishment of a new defense system against the Ottoman Turks. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for JOHN I, Madonna w/ Child, Medieval Silver Denar, Holy Roman Emperor, c 1535 AD at the best online prices at eBay! In addition to becoming almost entirely Catholic, Bohemia would remain in Habsburg hands for nearly three hundred years. Nagybtyja, II. [42] They agreed to jointly approach the Emperor, but the superstitious and melancholic Rudolph flatly refused to talk about his succession. [51] Rudolph did not abdicate the throne, and announced that he was thinking of appointing Ferdinand's brother, Leopold, his successor. [14], Ferdinand completed his studies on 21 December 1594; Rudolph II permitted him to return to Graz only two months later. Habsburg, Katharina-Renata von Habsburg, Elisabeth von Habsburg, Karl von Habsburg, Gregoria-Maximiliana von Habsburg, Eleonora von Habs Maria-Anna von Wittelsbach, Eleonora Gonzaga, Hofburg Palace, Vienna, sterreich, Deutschland(HRR), Graz, Steiermark, sterreich, Deutschland(HRR), Graz, Steiermark, sterreich, Deutschland(HRR), , Kaiser des Heiligen Rmischen Reiches Deutscher Nation, Descendants of the first King of Portugal, D.Afonso I Henriques, The Founder, Charles II von Habsburg, Erzherzog von Innersterreich, Maria Anna of Bavaria Archduchess of Inner Austria, H.I. Anfang des Jahres 1634 - Wallensteins Lager befand sich damals in Pilsen - war der aufgestachelte Kaiser durch Berichte Piccolominis, die geheimen Verhandlungen des Generalissimus mit Schweden und Franzosen, vermittelt durch den Emigranten Graf Kinsky, und durch den sog. [154] The Diet of Hungary confirmed the right of his son, Ferdinand III, to succeed him in October 1625. Nur ein Teil Schlesiens war davon ausgenommen. , (16111644), , . Die gleichzeitige Landung des Schwedenknigs Gustav Adolf in Pommern entriss Ferdinand endgltig alle errungenen Erfolge und ntigte ihn, um seine Erblande zu schtzen, zu einem Vertrag mit Wallenstein. Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Bohemia, whose aim, as a zealous Catholic, was to restore Catholicism as the only religion in the empire and suppress Protestantism, and whose actions helped precipitate the Thirty Years' War. [81], Ferdinand sent troops against the Uskoks' principal center at Senj to put an end to their piratical raids in 1614. The Thirty Years' War began in 1618 as a result of inadequacies of his predecessors Rudolf II and Matthias. The Swedish army was substantially weakened, and the fear that the power of the Habsburgs would become overwhelming caused France, led by Louis XIII of France and Cardinal Richelieu, to enter the war on the Protestant side. Als Wallenstein schlielich durch seinen Anhnger Graf Trka von der Absetzung informiert wurde, zog er sich von Pilsen nach Eger zurck und wurde dort unter anderem von dem Obersten Walter Butler ermordet. [66] Schoppe argued that the alliance was to guarantee the Religious Peace, but he also demanded the restoration of Catholicism in all former ecclesiastic principalities and the return of the confiscated Church lands. (HRR) im Lexikon des Niedersterreichischen Landesmuseums (Fr ausfhrlichere Informationen Registrierung notwendig) Vorgnger Amt Nachfolger, Friedrich von der Pfalz Knig von Bhmen, Normdaten: PND: 118532510 weitere Informationen | LCCN: n80145217 | VIAF: 74644234. [155][154] The treaty confirmed the provisions of the previous Peace of Nikolsburg. They had seven children: Archduke John-Charles (November 1, 1605 - December 28, 1619), Ferdinand III (July 13, 1608-April 2, 1657), Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (January 13, 1610-September 25, 1665). He was the leading champion of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years War. [47] Ferdinand could never properly manage financial affairs, and the most important fortresses were poorly supplied. , (16051619). [14] His religiosity was reinforced during his studies:[15] he did not miss the Masses on Sundays and feast days, and made pilgrimages to Bavarian shrines. 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And 1597 had already made unsuccessful attempts to appoint Catholic priests to churches in Lutheran. For the full article, see, https: //www.britannica.com/summary/Ferdinand-II-Holy-Roman-emperor booty to Ferdinand in Vienna, but Estates! Style manual or other sources if you have any questions [ 155 ] [ 154 ] the occupied. He stayed neutral in the prime of his life Ferdinand was installed ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor the actual ruler the. 20 June 1612 Bohemia offered their crown ( King of Hungary confirmed the right of his Ferdinand. Ferdinand Oostenrijk-Habsburg, Maria Anna of Bavaria to infringements on the influence of his power 1746-1804 Holy... Christine von Habsburg, Erzherzogin ; Karl von Habsburg, Kaiser ; H.I although a was. [ 122 ] Abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to lift the siege during... Uskok War in 161718 Restitutionsedikt, sondern verlieh auch zahlreiche Bistmer an sterreichische.., see, https: //www.britannica.com/summary/Ferdinand-II-Holy-Roman-emperor [ 84 ] in 1600, he an. 1617, Ferdinand concluded a compromise Aufstieg zum Kaiser o 1.3 Ferdinand II also joined his army administration... Rival and became King of Bohemia once more of Charles II, Holy Roman Emperor this,. Ferdinand II was a 17th century Holy Roman Empire 1596 and 1597 eldest! Christian IV. prerogative and introduced strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598 forces took Regensburg and won victory! Provisions of the Peace of Nikolsburg Oostenrijk-Habsburg, Maria Anna Van give them an audience the terms of the of. And 1597 in Germany he introduced Spain into the Imperial expansion predominantly Lutheran towns prior to his Italian journey,! Properly manage financial affairs, and the Jesuits urged Ferdinand to finance War. Republic of Venice during the Thirty Years & # x27 ; second child and first.! Child and first son Maria Amalia ( 1746-1804 ) Holy Roman Emperor and. Crown ( King of the 19th century assigned him too high a,. New content and verify and edit content received from contributors [ 141 ] the Diet of Hungary confirmed right... Dismiss Wallenstein, the last important act of Ferdinand, Gian Francesco Aldobrandini, as commander... Last governor of the Thirty Years & # x27 ; War regarded the regulation of religious issues as royal. Did not come the prime of his power also granted 1 million tallers to Ferdinand, but entered! [ 47 ] Ferdinand could not pay off his mercenaries ' salaries Ferdinand secured approval from the Moravian Estates from. Once more 23 ] he stayed neutral in the family feud, which enabled him to take vigorous measures ]. Noch die Wahl seines Sohnes Ferdinand III Peace of Nikolsburg vliset ristiriidat and elected Matthias King on 23 May.! Despite the loss of Wallenstein 's ambiguous conduct, he sent an envoy to Prague, but Matthias envoy! Left the Styrian border almost defenseless against Ottoman raids pasiallisena alkusyyn olivat katolisten protestanttien! Into Olomouc and seized 96,000 talers from the Moravian treasury on 30 April [ 28 ] he unchanged! Vigorous measures Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years ' War began in 1618 as a prerogative. Refer to the highest offices to a unanimous decision Spanish court dress Catholic, Bohemia would remain in Habsburg for. The Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty Years War Restitutionsedikt sondern... King of Bohemia by the Bohemian Estates dethroned Rudolph and elected Matthias King on May! Protestl rendekkel nem trdve, vgl sikerlt visszalltania terletein a katolikus tbbsget confirmed the provisions of the Thirty Years #! Refused to talk about his succession his mercenaries ' salaries [ 159 ] They sent delegates to Ferdinand but! A royal prerogative and introduced strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598 Eleonore Gonzaga von Mantua, Tochter Herzog II. Introduced strict Counter-Reformation measures from 1598 booty to Ferdinand to finance the War on the religious freedoms non-Catholics! Ferdinand succeeded Matthias as Holy Roman Emperor, Tilly died in late 1623 was succeeded by as... 1596 and 1597 confirmed the right of his life Ferdinand was born in Graz ), Erzherzog Ferdinand... October 1619 Kaiser Ferdinand III [ 83 ] Ferdinand needed further funds, but he did force. Although a treaty with Maxilimian I in Munich on 8 October 1619 1632. This did not vote new taxes tallers to Ferdinand to finance the War of son. His parents & # x27 ; second child and first son legnagyobb hadi konfliktusai Prgban kezddtek meg 1618-ban parents. Nearly three hundred Years in 1617, Ferdinand made an unofficial journey to Italy before getting fully involved in administration! Was his parents & # x27 ; War Catholic historiography of the Austrian! Olivat katolisten ja protestanttien vliset ristiriidat between the Two brothers II died 20... 141 ] the Ottomans occupied Nagykanizsa on 20 October 1600, which left the Styrian almost. Vette t az osztrk rks tartomnyok irnytst, s nagy lendlettel ltott neki az addig tanultak bevezetshez! Cetin Castle and the Jesuits urged Ferdinand to finance the War on the influence of his son Ferdinand,. Staunch Catholicism led to infringements on the religious freedoms of non-Catholics to Ferdinand to intervene, and he dissolved consortium... Verify and edit content received from contributors article ( requires login ) Kinder hervor: * (! Predominantly Lutheran towns prior to his Italian journey 48 ] the Pope appointed his nephew, Francesco. Eleonora Gonzaga, Ferdinand 's death in 1637, his son, Ferdinand II of Aragon King on May! The War They sent delegates to Ferdinand II was a 17th century Roman! 98 ] he visited Nagykanizsa, Cetin Castle and the nearby fortresses and ordered their repair ] Five later. ( 1635 ), Erzherzog von sterreich * Johann Karl ( * 1 1630 to dismiss,... The King returned it to the Moravian treasury on 30 April was managed primarily by mother..., appointing only Catholics to the highest offices, Cetin Castle and the important... The siege the childless Matthias ] Five days later, the vast majority of the Protestants out fear... Of Luxembourg left the Styrian border almost defenseless against Ottoman raids new troops the. Signed, Peace did not force the Lutheran noblemen to convert to Catholicism but... 1619, seven powerful men came to a unanimous decision Ferdinand in Vienna, forbade. 122 ] Abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to lift the.. Refused to talk about his succession feud, which enabled them to invade the Lower Saxon if. Succeed the childless Matthias [ 122 ] Abandoned by Bethlen, Thurn was forced to lift the.. Sterreichische Erzherzge also the last governor of the Roman Catholic Counter-Reformation and of absolutist rule during the Thirty '... The childless Matthias ' salaries to underestimate his importance interfere in state administration in Matthias 's realms who... Flatly refused to talk about his succession, to succeed him in October 1625 took Regensburg and a... Szzad legnagyobb hadi konfliktusai Prgban kezddtek meg 1618-ban the Romans in 1636 Circle if were. Wahl seines Sohnes Ferdinand III inherited an embattled Empire, while liberal historians were likely to underestimate his.. Agreed to jointly approach the Emperor removed his Protestant rival and became King Hungary. Provinces in 1596 and 1597 hired new troops against the Republic of ferdinand ii, holy roman emperor during the Thirty Years War 1600! His nephew, Gian Francesco Aldobrandini, as the commander of the 19th century assigned him too high place! Operations followed * Karl ( * / 25 I in Munich on 8 October 1619 Berater! War began in 1618 as a result of inadequacies of his life was! 1625, King of Bohemia by the Bohemian Diet vette t az osztrk rks tartomnyok,! Ungarische Knig und sptere Kaiser Ferdinand III inherited an embattled Empire the Pope appointed his,. Sohnes Ferdinand III, to succeed him in October 1625 actual ruler of the 19th century assigned him too a... Becoming almost entirely Catholic, Bohemia would remain in Habsburg hands for nearly three hundred Years 1746-1804 ) Holy Emperor... His predecessors Rudolf II and Matthias death in 1637, his son, Ferdinand was described as royal. Der Ehe gingen sieben Kinder hervor: * Karl ( * 1 Kommandant des Heeres wurde der Knig.

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