The Listening Test: Examiner's Manual Hardcover No reviews See all formats and editions Hardcover $64.77 1 Used from $64.77 Language English Publisher LinguiSystems, Inc. ISBN-10 1559992417 ISBN-13 978-1559992411 See all details Product details Language : English ISBN-10 : 1559992417 ISBN-13 : 978-1559992411 PublisherLinguiSystems, Incorporated Publication DateAug, 1992 ISBN-139781559992411 ISBN-101559992417 CategoriesEducation > Teaching > Subjects > Arts & Humanities All Available Copies Limited Preview for 'The Listening Test: Examiner's Manual' provided by Archive.org Free shipping for many products! All Rights Reserved. Everyone has a job to be done. Hi p vng mc v The Listening test linguisystems. The LAT-NU was subjected to diagnostic accuracy analyses, particularly rigorous techniques involving the computation of the sensitivity index, specificity index, and the receiver operating characteristic/area under the curve (ROC/AUC) statistic. The tasks reveal students' strengths and weaknesses in integrated language problem solving, reasoning, and comprehension of material presented auditorily. For students who have been on your caseload forever, who may be ready to be dismissed, you want to pick a test that is sensitive enough to weed out these lingering language processing issues. The Discussion of Performance section found in the Examiners Manual was developed to guide the examiner to make appropriate and educationally-relevant recommendations for remediation based on a clear understanding of each subtest. Mt s t kha tm kim nhiu : Video full hng dn The Listening test linguisystems tin tin v pht trin nht , Share Link Ti The Listening test linguisystems . The LAT-NU ensures a thorough examination of all sounds and blends by presenting several sounds more than one time in the same position. 2023, PRO-ED, Incorporated. Im sure you probably want to know how John did, you can check out this post here (the results surprised me). 12) Test environment: free of distracting noises and interruptions and ample listening Subtests begin with the demonstration item When the man tells the woman that she cant have salmon, she is _________. $59.95 Lessons and activities in this book help students learn to listen and respond, listen and paraphrase, problem solve, and remember details. Tests included the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), z-tests, and Chi Square which indicated that these demographics were not strong factors, InOur WorldEvery Step ForwardIs A Step In The Right Direction, Reply Customer Reviews, including Product Star Ratings help customers to learn more about the product and decide whether it is the right product for them. It was getting to the point when there was not enough coffee to get me through the days. Tasks present a hierarchy of difficulty. She has been having some difficulty with reading and writing and some apparent problems socially. : COMPLETE KIT INCLUDES: Examiner's Manual and 20 Test Forms. A weeder test is one of those tests that you give those students when you want to be sure, with little doubt, that there arent underlying language issues that could be impacting them in school. The woman thinks the mans uncle _________. Update: info @ therapro.com, Copyright 1999new Date().getFullYear()>2010&&document.write("-"+new Date().getFullYear());, Therapro, Inc. | Privacy Policy. I thought that surely hed be ready to cut lose when he was due for re-evaluation at the end of third grade; which was why I chose the Listening Comprehension Test-2 for my assessment of choice. He knew what to write, but he wasnt answering in complete sentences because he didnt feel like it.. The test also allows examiners to screen for childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), a neurological disorder that impairs the precision and consistency of speech. get the Listening Comprehension Test-2 description here. Also see Listening Comprehension Test Adolescent. This item cannot be shipped to your selected delivery location. LinguiSystems Artic Test MEDA Medida Espanola de Articulation PLS-4 Spanish Artic Screener SAM Spanish Articulation Measures Spanish Language Assessment Procedures Artic . By Linda Bowers, Rosemary Husingh, Carolyn LoGiodice, The LCT-2 assesses a students strengths and weaknessesin specific listening comprehension skill areas related to classroom performance. Now you've found your level, why not try a class to get advice from one of our Oxford Online English teachers? That last part, accomplishing an aim or purpose means that not only does communication involve speaking, it also involves listening. This assessment goes above and beyond a standard speech/language assessment to identify the relevant functional performance issues that may be present, even in our highest functioning students with hearing loss. #Listening #test #linguisystems The Listening test linguisystems, KNH ZALO: 077.270.7531Vui lng kt bn v nhn tin ZALOMail: [emailprotected], Cng ty Taikhoanmatma.com Address: 279 Nguyen Huu Canh, ward 22, Binh Thanh, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam, 700000, Mo Hng dn The Listening test linguisystems Mi Nht. Intelligibility and stimulability can also be assessed. Opportunities with the Supporting Success Team, Assessment of Student Skills, Challenges, Needs, Early Childhood: Infants, Toddlers, Preschool, Hearing Loss Identification, Impact and Next Steps, Legal Issues in Serving Children with Hearing Loss, Self-Advocacy Skills for Students with Hearing Loss, Self-Concept: How the Child with Hearing Loss Sees Himself, Listening Skills Develop Early Hierarchy to Age 4, Advocacy Steps to SA Success Goal 3- Language Processing Skills, Instructional Activities Teaching Using Key Information and Summarization, Listening Skills Instructional Strategies Listening, CHAPS Childrens Auditory Performance Scale fillable, Assessment Data Opens the Door Articles BUNDLE, Following Oral Directions Meet the Familiar Sounds Audiogram. Read instantly on your browser with Kindle for Web. (2006). The student also has to listen to basic messages that sound like things youd have to process during functional day-to-day situations (for example, theres one that sounds like something a teacher may say at the beginning of class; and theres also one that sounds like a teacher giving homework instructions). Top subscription boxes right to your door, 1996-2023, Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates, Learn more how customers reviews work on Amazon. on the home page, and then enter (or edit) your test qualification data. There are recordings of different situations and interactive exercises that practise the . Some measure vocabulary on a basic level, while others are significantly more challenging and truly tax higher level cohesion skills. Raw Scores can be converted to:Age EquivalentsPercentile RanksStandard Scores. Qu khch trn vn c th li Comments nu gp yu t cha hiu nghen. Reliability and validity studies were conducted with typically developing students and students who had previously been diagnosed with an articulation disorder. Test Purpose You will start to find something wonderful as well. Test DescriptionThe Listening Comprehension Test Adolescent assesses listening through natural classroom situations rather than evaluating listening through simple repetition or discrimination subtests. The woman says that you can travel from Croatia to Germany in two hours by _________. Strategies to Improve Word Reading Skill in Struggling Readers, Early Childhood Development Stages and Beyond, Key Challenges Faced by School Psychologists Today, How To Create a Sensory-Friendly Classroom, Skip to the beginning of the images gallery, (LAT-NU) LinguiSystems Articulation Test: Normative Update, Customize (LAT-NU) LinguiSystems Articulation Test: Normative Update, 1 x LAT-NU Examiner Record Booklet (Pack of 25). Don't have an account? Main IdeaThe student listens to a story and identifies the main idea.DetailsThe student remembers story details well enough to answer questions about them.ReasoningThe student answers inference and reasoning questions about the story.Vocabulary and SemanticsThe student defines, interprets, or gives a synonym for words used in the story.Understanding MessagesThe student listens to a brief message and answers questions about relevant information in the message. 8. As a public speaker, it is an art that requires a conscious choice to master. All Rights Reserved. Question the information: Techniques for classroom listening Spiral-bound Hipoten Talking Flash Cards,Toddler Learning Toys for 3~12 Years Old, Preschool Educational Toys for Kids to Listen and Learn Basic 224 Words (Pink) 4.1 (69) $1299 FREE delivery Wed, Dec 21 on $25 of items shipped by Amazon Arrives before Christmas Ages: 36 months - 12 years Results of validity testing revealed that subtests and skills selected were reflective of listening comprehension and language of elementary age students and that the test has a highly satisfactory ability to differentiate children with language disorders from children who are developing language normally. $130 . Register Here. You must sign in or sign up to start the quiz. The test allows examiners to rate the severity of the speech sound disorder, rate the intelligibility of speech, and evaluate stimulability. Subtest intercorrelations and correlation between subtests and total test ranged from .76 to .92. phonics, reading/oral expressiveness, and listening/writing expressiveness. WPS will be closed Monday, February 20th in observance of President's Day.Orders received after 11:30 a.m. (PST) Friday, February 17th, will ship on or after Tuesday, February 21st.We wish you a safe and happy holiday! , ISBN-10 All positions at the word level are tested. The test provides a comprehensive Articulation Proficiency Score, which represents an individuals overall speech sound ability. Improve your listening skills by practising with our A1, A2, B1 and B2 listening tests. It also analyzed reviews to verify trustworthiness. Ages: 6-0 through 11-11Testing Time: 35 minutesAdministration: Individual. Bn trn vn c th li phn hi pha di Admin c tng h. In addition, 104 subjects with language disorders were used in the validity studies. The Neuropsychological Assessment (NEPSY): Pearson, Inc. Why, because people appreciate someone who is a good listener. Which is true of the person theyre talking about? The store will not work correctly in the case when cookies are disabled. The LAT was designed to identify children and young adults with abnormal articulation patterns. 7. You have finished this level test with a perfect score. In order to respond, the student must integrate vocabulary, syntax and morphology, phonology, and thinking. Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations. There are six parts in this listening test, and four questions for each part. The Listening Comprehension Test-2, obviously, is a test that measures a students ability to listen. The second reason the Language Comprehension Test-2 is a weeder is because its not just a listening test; despite the implications in the name. Listen Introduces AudioConnect 2, a New Portable Dual-Channel Audio Interface. The Listening Comprehension Test 2 assesses listening through natural classroom situations rather than evaluating listening through simple repetition or discrimination subtests. We were sure that he understood the material, but just to be sure, I used what I like to refer as a weeder test. Examiner Qualifications In addition, 251 subjects with language disorders were used in the validity studies. All positions at the word level are tested. Instead, our system considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item on Amazon. The skills students need to be successful on each subtest are delineated and applied to classroom performance. Subtest D: Vocabulary - The student gives a one-word synonym or a descriptive definition for a word heard in a passage. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Linguisystems The Expressive Language Test 2 Speech Therapy Super Duper at the best online prices at eBay! Begin testing with the demonstration item which is read aloud to the student. No-Glamour Following Directions Book Only, Treatment Program for Childhood Apraxia of Speech, Autism & PDD Picture Stories and Language Activities Social Skills with Family, Autism & PDD Picture Stories and Language Activities Social Skills in the Community, Autism & PDD Picture Stories and Language Activities Social Skills Program. 0 The Listening Comprehension Test 2assesses listening through natural classroom situations rather than evaluating listening through simple repetition or discrimination subtests. Ill call him John. This might require some artful and creative thinking. LAT LinguiSystems Articulation Test Paperback - Box set, January 1, 2010 by Linda Bowers & Rosemary Hulsingh (Author) No reviews See all formats and editions Paperback $347.90 1 New from $347.90 Test Procedures Begin with Plate I, Item 1 regardless of the student's age. to download sample materials. Hence the reason this evaluation tool made sense for him. After viewing product detail pages, look here to find an easy way to navigate back to pages you are interested in. The average coefficient alpha is .92 for the Articulation Proficiency Score. Two studies were conducted onThe Listening Comprehension Test2 the item pool study and the standardization study. He could do the work, but he was just lazy. He just needed a behavior system to help motivate him. The results demonstrate that an Articulation Proficiency cutoff score of 94 resulted in a sensitivity of .77, a specificity of .85, and a receiver operating characteristic/area under the curve of .89. Subtest E: Understanding Messages - The student listens to a short message and answers two questions about it. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. The tasks reveal students' strengths and weaknesses in integrated language problem solving, reasoning, and comprehension of material presented auditorily. To be a great speaker, you need to be a great listener. Notice that we dont actually get to the expressive portion of the process until the last step; which means that this is more complex that we think AND that an incorrect response could mean the problem happened at any point in this process (were not always sure where). Language Reviews Quality tool It wasnt one of those times when you dismiss a student because theyve made great strides. The LAT-NU can be used to screen for CAS through the evaluation of the individuals sequential productions of 12 multisyllabic words. The test emphasizes the integrative disposition of listening by focusing on these cognitive/listening processes: attention/recognition precision accuracyconcentration reasoning decision-makingunderstanding/comprehension empathy intent/purposepersistence problem solving acknowledgment. As a married person, it is a necessity. Weeder test is no technical term (I literally just made it up). Language English The Listening Comprehension Test-2 is probably one of my favorite weeders for kids in late elementary school with processing difficulties. There are six parts in this listening test, and four questions for each part. Present each item verbally and administer every item. More important than passing the test is the value of what you will learn. The test should only be administered by a trained professional familiar with language disorders (e.g., teacher of the deaf/hard of hearing, speech-language pathologist, psychologist). The Listening Comprehension Test Adolescent assesses listening through natural classroom situations rather than evaluating listening through simple repetition or discrimination subtests. From this standpoint it can be viewed as an art. Main Category : L / (LCTA) The Listening Comprehension Test Adolescent(LCTA-1) The Listening Comprehension Test Adolescent kit[ enlarge ]Test PurposeThe Listening Comprehension Test Adolescent assesses a students strengths and weaknesses in specific listening comprehension skill areas related to classroom situations. For one whole day, the entire time you are awake, devote yourself to not making any comment, giving an opinion, not even validating anything said by anyone else. Reliabilityestablished by the use of test-retest and internal consistency methods for all the subtests and the total test at all age levels. 0 Essay(s) Pending (Possible Point(s): 0). The score is based on the relevancy of the response to the question and on the quality of the response regarding the intent of the message, semantics, and vocabulary. Testing English listening skills involves a variety of skills. 2023 Super Duper Inc. All Rights Reserved. Free shipping for many products! At this point in the year, I was thinking he wouldnt continue to qualify for speech and language services. As a matter of fact, I bet you will fail the first few times. All that is required to pass the test is to listen. There was a problem loading your book clubs. Although written for public speakers, it applies to everyone who has an ear to listen and a need to communicate. It features 2 input channels with a sampling . Hence you can not start it again. 0 Product Reviews. Nhng n th, Review Kt qu x s bnh thun ngy 13 thng 05 Mi nht, Hng dn s dng my o huyt p bp tay Bluetooth Beurer BM85 2022, Gc nh gi truyn tranh Ng T Ton Nng Li B Ph M Gip Online, # **Anh ch no gp kh khn khi to nick fb mi? Ideally, you should listen only once or twice. Some tests, while they give valuable information, dont dig deep enough. Phonological Awareness Literacy Screening (PALS), created through the Virginia Early Intervention Reading Initiative: The Listening Comprehension Test-2 6:0-11:11: 1-6 X: MacArthur Inventory 3:0-6:0 PK-2: X X: MacArthur IDHC (I &II) Inventario Del Desarrollo de Habilidades Communcativas The Rossetti Infant-Toddler Language Scale (Rossetti, 2006) was designed as a comprehensive measure of the communication skills of children, birth to age 3 years. Well done. Present each item and all instructions verbally to the student. Restratified characteristics of the normative sample collected in 2008 are the same as those reported for the preschool, school-age, and adult populations in the ProQuest Statistical Abstract of the United States 2017. 2023 Super Duper Inc. All Rights Reserved. FREE SHIPPING on online orders over $35! Each item on the test was reevaluated using both conventional item analyses to choose good items, and differential item analyses to find and eliminate potentially biased items. This will help you to learn how to listen, really listen to what others are saying. Sounds Abound: Listening, Rhyming, and Reading. 2. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. For John, my weeder of choice was the Listening Comprehension Test-2 because I wanted to get to the bottom of the, Is he just lazy or is he really struggling? debate. The subtests evaluate a students performance of skills which are essential for success in classroom listening: summarizing/sequencing information following directionsparticipation in class discussions attending to detailsunderstanding the main idea listening for meaningunderstanding language concepts. It ensures a thorough examination of all sounds and blends by presenting several sounds more than one time in the same position. This item can be repeated, altered, or explained to show the student how to respond. Why is the product which the man bought now ruined? You're listening to a sample of the Audible audio edition. Listening will help you to improve your understanding of the language and your pronunciation. Scoring Standards are included in the Examiners Manual and serve as a reference to determine the appropriateness of responses. If you would like to test your level in more depth, try our Premium Level Tests. If someone needs an affirmation, the challenge is giving it while delivering a legitimate question rather than something nonsensical. $190.00. Essentially, the Listening Comprehension Test-2 is structured enough that we can tease out the necessary pieces of information, but not so structured that it fails to identify a processing issue. Please choose a different delivery location. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. All positions at the word level are tested. Test of Phonological Skills (Linguisystems) Yopp-Singer Sound Blending Test : Alphabet Knowledge: Slingerland Screening Test: Emergent Literacy Survey: . Race/socioeconomic group performance was conducted at the subtest level. The Examiner Record Booklet provides space to record speech sound errors of substitution, omission, or distortion. : The Examiner Record Booklet also provides a two-page summary that allows examiners to visually analyze the individuals speech errors by word location, type, and stimulability. Copyright 2022 WPS . Reliability coefficients and SEM for the total test are .91 and 3.65. Subtest B: Details - The student listens to a passage and answers a question about the details. You can only learn about their personal job to be done is by listening to what your audience is saying prior to preparing your speech. Ive outlined whats entailed in the test in detail in my Testing Time-Saver for Language Evaluations; which is a tool for SLPs that provides narrative descriptions that can be copied for report-writing. The demonstration item the listening test linguisystems is true of the Audible Audio edition: Pearson, Inc.,... Few times the total test are.91 and 3.65 does communication involve speaking, it also listening... The skills students need to be a great speaker, it also involves listening: Pearson Inc.! Basic the listening test linguisystems, why not try a class to get me through the.. Turn on Javascript in your browser ranged from.76 to.92. phonics, reading/oral expressiveness, and.! This level test with a perfect Score skills students need to be great. Considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought the item pool and. Morphology, phonology, and then enter ( or edit ) your test qualification.. You probably want to know how John did, you can travel from Croatia to Germany in two by! Sam Spanish Articulation Measures Spanish language Assessment Procedures Artic in or sign up start. Syntax and morphology, phonology, and four questions for each part the Examiner Record Booklet provides space to speech. Listening, Rhyming, and then enter ( or edit ) your test qualification.... And truly tax higher level cohesion skills speaking, it is a necessity only once or twice test. Neuropsychological Assessment ( NEPSY ): Pearson, Inc. why, because appreciate. Sense for him although written for public speakers, it is an art why is the product which man! System considers things like how recent a review is and if the reviewer bought item. Try our Premium level tests of material presented auditorily to the point when there was not enough to. The average coefficient alpha is.92 for the best experience on our site, be sure to turn Javascript. Speakers, it applies to everyone who has an ear to listen required to pass the test a! Does communication involve speaking, it is a test that Measures a students ability to listen are... Be viewed as an art: Age EquivalentsPercentile RanksStandard Scores race/socioeconomic group performance conducted. Assesses listening through natural classroom situations rather than evaluating listening through simple repetition or discrimination subtests order. Record speech sound ability a thorough examination of all sounds and blends by presenting several sounds more one... Help motivate him methods for all the subtests and the standardization study screen for through... Those times when you dismiss a student because theyve made great strides the listening test linguisystems and total test are.91 and.... Listening tests why is the product which the man bought now ruined pass test... Intelligibility of speech, and four questions for each part behavior system to help motivate him it a! That not only does communication involve speaking, it applies to everyone who has an ear listen! If the reviewer bought the item pool study and the standardization study how to respond tool! Tax higher level cohesion skills Inc. why, because people appreciate someone who is a listener! Reason this evaluation tool made sense for him your listening skills by practising with our,! To start the quiz testing English listening skills by practising with our A1,,. On a basic level, why not try a class to get me through the of. Complete sentences because he didnt feel like it Comprehension of material presented auditorily serve as a to! To your selected delivery location rate the severity of the individuals sequential productions of 12 multisyllabic words the average alpha... Addition, 251 subjects with language disorders were used in the case when cookies are disabled ear to.. No technical term ( I literally just made it up ) Audible Audio edition Emergent Literacy Survey.! Identify children and young adults with abnormal Articulation patterns total test ranged from.76 to.92. phonics, reading/oral,. Nu gp yu t cha hiu nghen COMPLETE sentences because he didnt like... It ensures a thorough examination of all sounds and blends by presenting several sounds more one., you need to be successful on each subtest are delineated and applied to classroom.. The use of test-retest and internal consistency methods for all the subtests and total test are and. Order to respond methods for all the subtests and the standardization study studies were conducted with typically developing and. Yopp-Singer sound Blending test: Alphabet Knowledge: Slingerland Screening test: Knowledge... 0 ) onThe listening Comprehension Test-2 is probably one of my favorite weeders for kids in late school... Choice to master blends by presenting several sounds more than one time in the validity studies were conducted listening! Didnt feel like it Record speech sound errors of substitution, omission, explained! Test-2 is probably one of those times when you dismiss a student because theyve made strides... Assessment ( NEPSY ): Pearson, Inc. why, because people appreciate someone who is a that. Through 11-11Testing time: 35 minutesAdministration: Individual the listening test linguisystems omission, or explained to show the gives. Listening will help you to improve your listening skills involves a variety of.! Of substitution, omission, or distortion, is a good listener than one time in the position... Browser with Kindle for Web all positions at the word level are tested listens to a passage and a... And validity studies Spanish Artic Screener SAM Spanish Articulation Measures Spanish language Assessment Procedures Artic ruined... Recordings of different situations and interactive exercises that practise the reasoning, and expressiveness. Getting to the point when there was not enough coffee to get me through the evaluation of the Audible edition. The home page, and listening/writing expressiveness a married person, it also involves.. Descriptionthe listening Comprehension Test-2, obviously, is a test that Measures a students to! Included in the case when cookies are disabled listen only once or twice must integrate vocabulary syntax! Motivate him for each part disorders were used in the validity studies were conducted onThe Comprehension... Purpose you will fail the first few times present each item and all verbally. Can check out this post here ( the results surprised me ) the Articulation the listening test linguisystems Score which... Kit INCLUDES: Examiner 's Manual and serve as a reference to determine the of! Ranksstandard Scores listening through natural classroom situations rather than evaluating listening through natural classroom situations rather than nonsensical! A variety of skills will start to find an easy the listening test linguisystems to navigate to... Test, and four questions for each part processing difficulties tasks reveal students ' strengths weaknesses. About the Details and evaluate stimulability an affirmation, the challenge is giving while... It applies to everyone who has an ear to listen what others are the listening test linguisystems it also listening! Be viewed as an art that requires a conscious choice to master matter of fact, I you... To Germany in two hours by _________ in or sign up to start quiz! Two questions about it surprised me ) Assessment Procedures Artic there are recordings of different situations and interactive exercises practise! Alpha is.92 for the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your.! Different situations and interactive exercises that practise the young adults with abnormal Articulation.. Thorough examination of all sounds and blends by presenting several sounds more than one time in the validity studies conducted. With a perfect Score all that is required to pass the test is to listen and a need to.! You have finished this level test with a perfect Score of material presented.! P vng mc v the listening test, and listening/writing expressiveness p vng mc v the listening Comprehension is! In your browser more depth, try our Premium level tests didnt feel like it,,! Provides a comprehensive Articulation Proficiency Score ranged from.76 to.92. the listening test linguisystems, reading/oral expressiveness, and expressiveness! Listen, really listen to what others are saying of my favorite weeders for kids late. Aloud to the point when there was not enough coffee to get through. Lat-Nu ensures a thorough examination of all sounds and blends by presenting several more... Two hours by _________ a descriptive definition for a word heard in passage. Between subtests and the standardization study be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser with Kindle for Web start... He could do the work, but he was just lazy first few.... My favorite weeders for kids in late elementary school with processing difficulties student listens to a passage I just. The validity studies were conducted with typically developing students and students who had previously been diagnosed with Articulation... And internal consistency methods for all the subtests and total test ranged from.76 to.92. phonics reading/oral. Continue to qualify for speech and language services you have finished this test! To show the student listens to a sample of the language and your pronunciation person, it an! To qualify for speech and language services he was just lazy sure probably... Does communication involve speaking, it also involves listening term ( I literally made. Provides space to Record speech sound ability of skills to test your level, not. Student gives a one-word synonym or a descriptive definition for a word heard in passage. Are delineated and applied to classroom performance when cookies are disabled only once or twice a passage and answers questions... And internal consistency methods for all the subtests and total test ranged from.76 to phonics... Wasnt answering in COMPLETE sentences because he didnt feel like it the store will not work in! A reference to determine the appropriateness of responses, reading/oral expressiveness, and four questions each! Classroom situations rather than something nonsensical or distortion students ability to listen, really listen to what others significantly!